Description

Overview
Celecoxib (brand name Celebrex) is a COX-2 selective NSAID used to relieve pain and inflammation with a lower risk of gastrointestinal ulcers compared to traditional NSAIDs. It is commonly prescribed for arthritis and chronic pain conditions.

Mechanism of Action
Unlike traditional NSAIDs that block both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, celecoxib specifically inhibits COX-2, reducing inflammation without significantly affecting the COX-1 enzyme that protects the stomach lining. This makes it safer for long-term use in patients at risk of ulcers.

Benefits and Indications
• Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid arthritis – Reduces joint pain and swelling.
• Ankylosing spondylitis – Helps manage chronic spinal inflammation.
• Acute pain and menstrual cramps – Used for short-term relief.
• Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) – Reduces colon polyp formation.

Possible Side Effects
• Heart risks – Higher risk of heart attack or stroke compared to non-selective NSAIDs.
• Kidney issues – Can reduce kidney function over time.
• Sulfa allergy reaction – Patients with sulfa drug allergies should avoid celecoxib.
• Mild gastrointestinal irritation – Less common than with ibuprofen or naproxen.